On state formation and territorial expansion a dialogue. Spurred by the concept of manifest destiny, almost everyone believed that america should extend from sea to shining sea and maybe even farther. Introduction1 the present paper aims to arrive at a set of guidelines that help to study stateformation, state reformation and state deformation processes in the postcolonial states of the arab middle east. One of the most prominent theories of early and primary state formation is the hydraulic hypothesis, which. Claessen, hagesteijn on state formation and territorial expansion convinced that the limitation of his analysis to primary states does contribute much to the general theory. In the lee resolution of july 2, 1776, the colonies resolved that they were free and independent states. Congress and the territorial expansion of the united states nolan m. Pdf territorial expansion and primary state formation in.
South via the balance rule, under which one slave state was admitted for every free state, preserving the souths veto power with regard to slavery. The territorial state and perspectives of the european union. Pdf questions relating to state emergence in china are often intertwined with the origins of early dynasties. Territorial expansion and primary state formation core. A general model of this process, the territorialexpansion model, is presented and assessed with. In contrast with territorial empires, seizure and control of territory was not an aztec goal except within the immediate core. Before they evolved into twentyseven american states, these territories were managed by the u. Spencer cs 2010 territorial expansion and primary state formation. Their independence was recognized by great britain in the treaty of paris of 1783, which concluded the american revolutionary war.
Spencer1 division of anthropology, american museum of natural history. Government officials attempted to acquire territorial possessions in that region, private citizens known as filibusterers also. State formation is the process of the development of a centralized government structure in a situation where one did not exist prior to its development. On state formation and territorial expansion sociostudies. Part a is there a general trend in the direction of the territories acquired.
Human territoriality is the act of delimiting and controlling an area of spacea territoryin order to control place and things. Territorial expansion itself was not a debated issue. The united states of america was created on july 4, 1776, with the declaration of independence of thirteen british colonies. I begin by charting the evolution of the european system of states between 1100 and 1789. An essay summary summary a state is a territorial political community for which there is an independent organised government. Territorial evolution of the united states wikipedia.
The zapotec case 5 monte alban state to examine the validity of what i shall call the morphogenesist model of primary state formation. From the 1760s to the 1950s the united states of america expanded southward and westward, acquiring territories that spanned from florida to california to alaska. The term territorial state is used to refer to a state, typical of the high middle ages, since around ad, and other largescale complex organizations that attained size, stability, capacity, efficiency, and territorial reach not seen since antiquity. In 2010 charles spencer proposed the theory that there is a causal relation between state formation and territorial expansion. Apr 20, 2010 a major research problem in anthropology is the origin of the state and its bureaucratic form of governance.
Territorial expansion and primary state formation article pdf available in proceedings of the national academy of sciences 10716. Territorial expansion of the united states note, gross areas, including land and water, but not water surface of oceans, gulf of mexico, and great lakes. Unlike primary state formation, early state formation does not require the creation of the first state in that cultural context or development autonomously, independently from state development nearby. Social evolution and history studies in the evolution of human societies, 2012 volume 11 1, p. Becent revisions in these figures are due to more accurate maps. Pdf on state formation and territorial expansion a dialogue. How prezi does project status updates with a distributed workplace. Chapter 4 aztec imperial political economy formation and. Student worksheets analyze primary sources that illustrate manifest destiny and related american values illustrate americas territorial expansion across the continent describe the effect of u. Pdf territorial expansion and primary state formation. Territorial expansion and primary state formation pnas.
Establish american boundaries between the atlantic and mississippi, and from the 49th parallel and great lakes to the 31st parallel on the south. The government effectively used land policies and population control to enable an otherwise constrained american state to assert authority over the direction of expansion, to engineer settlement patterns in a manner to secure the territory without a large military, and to maintain an official fidelity to constitutional principles while. The other competing theory maintains that there is a definite stronger link between commerce and territorial state formation. In several steps i demonstrate a conditional relationship between war and the origins of the state. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Question 1 consider the growth of the country during the 1800s. Territorial papers of the united states, 17641953 readex. However, each and every debate for or against expansion eventually led the united states governments actions, or lack thereof, and has shaped the country as we know it today. In 2010 the archaeologist charles spencer published a substantial article on territorial expansion and primary state formation in the online journal pnas proceedings of the national academy of sciences. Interest in central america and cuba, 18491861 during the years between the mexicanamerican war and the civil war, the united states became increasingly involved in central america and the caribbean. Early state formation causation can thus include borrowing, imposition, and other forms of interaction with already existing states. Pdf territorial expansion and primary state formation charles.
The territorial expansion of the united states, 1830s1850s chapter 14 457 continental expansion and the concept of manifest destiny the contrasting examples of frontier development in oregon, texas, and california how the political effects of expansion heightened sectional tensions exploring the west t. During the years between the mexicanamerican war and the civil war, the united states became increasingly involved in central america and the caribbean. Expansionist tension from 1800 to 1850 territorial expansion tore the united states apart. I discuss the consequences of this land policy for how we understand the american state in the. A region in central north carolina, unhappy with the state s governance over the area, declared independence from the state as the state of frankland. The louisiana purchase was made by thomas jefferson of the democratic republican party in 1803. Such accounts ignore or otherwise fail to explain the emergence of particular state structures. Ap united states history 2010 scoring guidelines form b 2010 the college board. Spencer1 division of anthropology, american museum of natural history, new york, ny 100245192 this contribution is part of the special series of inaugural articles by members of the national academy of sciences elected in 2007.
Supported by the ideology of manifest destiny, americans added oregon, texas, california and the southwest. Pdf on state formation and territorial expansiona dialogue. Chapter fourteen the territorial expansion of the united states, 1830s1850s chapter overview this chapter covers the territorial growth of the united states. A mathematical model of primary state formation sage journals. Apr 20, 2010 territorial expansion model of primary state formation.
This model of the territorial state maintains that war and state formation are independent of economic development occurring only as a consequence of war. Chapter 5 testing the morphogenesist model of primary state. Government officials attempted to acquire territorial possessions in that region. Charles spencer territorial expansion and primary state formation proceedings of the na tional academy of the sciences 2010.
Territorialexpansion model of primary state formation. Nation and state are distinct concepts that are often combined in the ambiguous concept of nation state. The indicator of the territorial control value is positive and highly statistically significant in models 16, indicating that colonial state expansion did adhere to the logic of territorial expansion, extending coverage across the whole territory of the colony. For wright, the different administrative principles that define chiefdoms and states are necessarily associated with correspondingly distinct optimal regulatory strategies. Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.
State formation is the process of the development of a centralized government structure in a. More than half of americas states began as territories. Pdf in 2010 charles spencer proposed the theory that there is a causal. A nation state is a state whose primary loyalty is to a cultural selfidentity, which we call a nation or nationality, and is now the predominant form of state organisation. The origins of the territorial state scott abramsony princeton university department of politics abstract building on both economic and martial theories of state formation, this paper develops and tests a model explaining temporal and spatial variation in the number and size of states. Human territoriality an overview sciencedirect topics. A major research problem in anthropology is the origin of the state and its bureaucratic form of governance. In 2010 the archaeologist charles spencer published a substantial article on territorial expansion and primary state formation in the online journal. In contrast with territorial empires, seizure and control of territory was not an aztec goal except within the immediate core zone. Rather, aztec expansion appears to have been directed at. Tor dates of organization of the individual states and territories see table 2, p.
Because central authority in a chiefdom is not permanently divided into multiple specialized parcels, any delegation. The california gold rush soon peaked, and by the mid1850s california life stabilized. Changes in voting qualifications and participation, the election of andrew jackson, and the formation of the democratic partydue largely to the organizational skills of martin van burenall contributed to making the election of 1828 and jacksons presidency a watershed in. Organizational complexity and demographic scale in primary. State formation has been a study of many disciplines of the social sciences for a number of years, so much so that jonathan haas writes that one of the favorite pastimes of social scientists over the course of the past century has been to. In its updated form, it offers a solid knowledge base for the renewed territorial agenda 2020, providing a comprehensive analysis on europes territorial. The relationship between organizational complexity and demographic scale is an enduring research problem at the intersection of the natural and social sciences and has farreaching implications for the study of social evolution, particularly the emergence and collapse of hierarchical social organizations such as chiefdoms, states and empires. How to take care of your mental health while working from home. In this article we would like to contribute to this discussion by. Territorial expansion of the united states in the 19th. Part a is there a general trend in the direction of the. Unit 10 activity task 1 territorial expansion analyze the map showing the territorial expansion of the united states during the 1800s. Students will also analyze and make inferences about the causes of more recent shifts in u. The relationship between organizational complexity and demographic scale is an enduring research problem at the intersection of the natural and social sciences and has far reaching.
Phd seminar on state formation school of arts and sciences. Pdf on jan 1, 2007, charles s spencer and others published territorial expansion and primary state formation in oaxaca, mexico. Use the map and your knowledge of the time period to answer the following questions. Pdf on state formation and territorial expansion a. The term territorial state is also understood as coercionwielding organizations that are distinct from households and kinship groups. Territorial expansion and primary state formation charles s. The pattern of aztec imperial expansion conforms closely to the hegemonic imperial model hassig 1985. The monarchical kingdoms of the ganga valley, especially kosala and magadha, were each expanding at the. A general model of this process, the territorial expansion model, is presented and assessed with. Changes in voting qualifications and participation, the election of andrew jackson, and the formation of the democratic partydue largely to the organizational skills of martin van burenall contributed to making the election of 1828 and jacksons presidency a watershed in the evolution of the american political system. In the present article we formulate some objections against his views. In this account, the mediterranean campaigns to eradicate piracy depredation at sea and privateering. They claim that interstate relations have a logic and influence of their own, and that state formation therefore responds.
Congress and the territorial expansion of the united states. Of particular importance for evaluating theories of state origins are cases of primary state formation, whereby a firstgeneration state evolves without contact with any preexisting states. But this role is that of primus inter pares in a complex, heterogeneous, and. Barbary coast in the expansion of international society. Inaugural article territorial expansion and primary state formation charles s. Chapter 5 testing the morphogenesist model of primary.
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